Chloroplasts.

Isolated Chloroplasts

1. Chloroplasts prepared by the non-aqueous technique will, after fragmentation by ultrasonic treatment, incorporate [2-14C]mevalonic acid into phytoene, the first C40 compound formed in the biosynthetic sequence to coloured carotenoids. 2. With suspensions containing 3*5mg. of chlorophyll, the optimum amounts of cofactor required were ATP (10,umoles), magnesium chloride (20,umoles) and glutath...

Vesicle transport in chloroplasts

Chlorophyll Monolayers in Chloroplasts

1. The data on the fine structure of the chloroplasts and the chlorophyll analyses, in two algal flagellates, Euglena gracilis and Poteriochromonas stipitata, are consistent with the assumption that the chlorophyll molecules are arranged in monomolecular layers at the interfaces between the lipid (dense) and the aqueous protein complex layers. 2. The cross-sectional area available to each chlor...

Protein import into chloroplasts.

Three proteins from the chloroplastic outer envelope membrane and four proteins from the inner envelope membrane have been identified as components of the chloroplastic protein import apparatus. Multiple molecular chaperones and a stromal processing peptidase are also important components of the import machinery. The interactions of these proteins with each other and with the precursors destine...

Photosynthesis by isolated chloroplasts.

Photosynthesis in green plants requires not only photoelectron transport, oxygen evolution, and photophosphorylation, but also the synthetic reactions whereby carbon dioxide is assimilated and reduced to a number of organic compounds via the photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle1 and secondary biosynthetic pathways.2 Complete photosynthesis with isolated chloroplasts has for many years been a g...